Fig. 2

Melatonin Mitigates Septic ALI by Reducing Circulating mtDNA Release and Inflammatory Injury. (A) Survival rates of mice with or without melatonin therapy 24 h after CLP (log-rank [Mantel-Cox] test, n = 20). (B) Lung wet/dry ratio in mice with or without melatonin therapy at 24 h after CLP. (C) BALF protein levels in mice with or without melatonin therapy at 24 h after CLP. (D) Representative H&E-stained photomicrographs of lung tissues from Sham, Sham + Mel, CLP, and CLP + Mel groups. Bar = 25 μm (original magnification ×100, ×400). (E) Lung injury scores from the Sham, Sham + Mel, CLP, and CLP + Mel groups. (F-J) Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MIP-2, and HMGB1) measured by ELISA in Sham, Sham + Mel, CLP, and CLP + Mel groups. (K-O) BALF levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MIP-2, and HMGB1) measured by ELISA in the same groups. (P-R) qPCR analysis of mt-Col, mt-Dloop, and mMito mRNA levels in indicated tissues. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001; ns, not significant. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test